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2025 Vol.37, Issue 4 Preview Page

Research Article

Comparative Analysis of Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Fagopyrum esculentum from Different Origins and Optimization of Extraction Conditions
Hyun-Woo Oh1
,
Geun-Hee Cho2
,
Young-Jae Heo1
,
Aram Song3
,
Gun Kim1
,
Sang-hyeon Park1
,
Jae-Jin Lee1
,
Sun-Il Choi4*
1Undergraduate Student, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
2Graduate Student, Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
3Undergraduate Student, Department of Food and Nurtrition, Kangwon National University, 24537, Korea
4Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 346-359
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Abstract

Fagopyrum esculentum, widely cultivated worldwide, is a functional crop rich in phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and rutin, all of which have strong antioxidant properties. However, the extraction efficiency of these bioactive compounds is affected by extraction conditions and cultivation origin. This study examined three domestic F. esculentum cultivars (Bongpyeong, Nonsan, Yecheon) and one Chinese cultivar to establish optimal extraction conditions and compare antioxidant capacities. Extraction parameters included ethanol concentration (50% and 70%) and temperature (40°C, 60°C, and 80°C), while extraction time was fixed at 2 h. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and rutin content were quantified, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, FRAP, and reducing power. Results showed that extraction using 70% ethanol at 40°C yielded the highest TPC, TFC, and rutin recovery across all cultivars. Among samples, Bongpyeong F. esculentum extract consistently exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, followed by the Yecheon, Nonsan, and Chinese varieties. Antioxidant activities increased dose dependently, with significant differences among cultivars (p & 0.05). These variations were closely associated with origin- and cultivar-specific differences in bioactive composition. In conclusion, the antioxidant potential of F. esculentum is strongly influenced by extraction conditions and cultivation origin. The optimized condition (70% ethanol, 40°C, and 2 h) maximized recovery of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and rutin, particularly in the Bongpyeong cultivar. These findings provide a scientific basis for extraction standardization and underscore the importance of the cultivar and origin when developing F. esculentum as a functional food material.

Keywords
Antioxidant activity
Fagopyrum esculentum
Proximate analysis
Rutin
Standardization
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Information
  • Publisher :Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University
  • Publisher(Ko) :None
  • Journal Title :Journal of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences
  • Volume : 37
  • No :4
  • Pages :346-359
  • Received Date : 2025-11-26
  • Revised Date : 2025-11-27
  • Accepted Date : 2025-11-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22698/jales.20250029
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