• Research Article

    Comparison of Quality, Yield and Economic Feasibility of Cherry Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Fruit under Quantum Dot LED (QD-LED) and White-LED

    Quantum dot LED (QD-LED)와 White-LED 보광에 따른 방울토마토 과실의 품질, 수확량 및 경제성 비교

    Joo Hwan Lee, Dam Hee Choi, Yoo Han Roh, Yong Beom Kwon, Abiodun Samuel Afolabi, In-Lee Choi, Yongduk Kim, Jung Chul Shin, Minha Kim, Jidong Kim, Li-Xia Wang, Ho-Min Kang

    이주환, 최담희, 노유한, 권용범, 아포라비 아비오둔 사무엘, 최인이, 김용득, 신정철, 김민하, 김지동, 왕립, 강호민

    This study was conducted to investigate the yield of fruits and changes in internal and external quality, and to select an economical … + READ MORE
    This study was conducted to investigate the yield of fruits and changes in internal and external quality, and to select an economical and effective light source. Sunlight was set as a control, and lights were supplemented on the upper canopy of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) using white and QD-LED. The supplemental light through the artificial light source increased the light intensity by 45.4% on average compared to the control, and the Fv/Fm increased by 9.2%. There was a difference in light quality as well as a change in light intensity, and it was found that the QD-LED with the highest a*/b* value progressed faster at the breaking stage and the maturation period was greatly shortened compared to that of White-LED and the control. The supplemental lighting treated group showed higher values than the control group for length, width, number of fruit, and weight of cluster, and among them, QD-LED showed the highest value. The QD-LED, which matured tomatoes the fastest within the same period, resulted in the highest soluble solids and the lowest titratable acidity and firmness. For DPPH radical scavenging activity and ascorbic acid, the supplemental lighting treatment showed higher values than the control group, and QD-LED showed better effects than White-LED in the supplemental lighting treatment. Additionally, the malformed fruit incidence rates were the lowest in QD-LED. Considering the economical aspect of both light sources, the QD-LED showed a relatively lower electrical power consumption, lower cost, and a much higher energy use efficiency than White-LED. We conclude that supplemental lightning on the upper canopy of cherry tomatoes is effective and QD-LED is the most suitable for use. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Comparison of Quantity and Quality of Radicchio (Chicorium intybus) Varieties with the Highland Growing Season

    고랭지 재배시기에 따른 라디치오 품종별 수량 및 품질 비교

    KyeongWon Kim, HyunTaek Seo, WonKyung Lee, JaeHee Won, YoungSik Park, Ho-Min Kang

    김경원, 서현택, 이원경, 원재희, 박영식, 강호민

    This experiment provides basic data for selecting the best variety of radicchio in Gangwon-do, highland. The experiment was conducted in an open … + READ MORE
    This experiment provides basic data for selecting the best variety of radicchio in Gangwon-do, highland. The experiment was conducted in an open field in Taebaek-si (at the high altitude of 800 m) in 2021. Varieties compared were ‘Leonardo’, ‘Raffaello’, ‘Rossini’, ‘Rubro’, ‘Vasari’, ‘Botticelli’, and ‘Canaletto’, which are all widely cultivated in Europe and the United States. The weight, spherical index, and predicted quantity were investigated. Most of the radicchios planted in spring bolted, which aligns with the chicory flower differentiation. Additionally, the high seasonal temperatures impacted the anthocyanin synthesis causing low spring crop quality. In spring, ‘Leonardo’ had the highest cultivation period with a rate of 93.3% and an average weight of 343 g. ‘Leonardo’ was also the best for the predicted yield per unit area of 1,170 kg/10 a. In autumn, ‘Leonardo’ had the highest product rate of 84.4%. However, ‘Canaletto’ was the heaviest at 376.6 g. There was not a statistically significant weight difference between ‘Canaletto’, ‘Leonarod’, ‘Raffaello’, or ‘Rossini’. The highest predicted yield per unit area was ‘Canaletto’ at 1,102 kg/10 a. Therefore, we select ‘Leonardo’ as the best variety, it consistently displayed the highest quantity and quality of radicchio for growing in both spring and autumn in high altitude regions. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Quality Characteristics of Omija Cheong Containing Fructooligosaccharide and Isomaltooligosaccharide

    프락토올리고당과 이소말토올리고당을 첨가한 오미자청의 품질 특성 연구

    Yeri Park, Hyeok-Jin Choi, Seon-Kang Choi, Kyong-Cheul Park, Nam Il Park

    박예리, 최혁진, 최선강, 박경철, 박남일

    The purpose of this study is to prepare Omija cheong using sugar reducing materials such as fructooligosaccharide and isomaltooligosaccharide as a sucrose … + READ MORE
    The purpose of this study is to prepare Omija cheong using sugar reducing materials such as fructooligosaccharide and isomaltooligosaccharide as a sucrose substitute. Sugar content, acidity, and sugar acid ratio were measured to evaluate the quality of the prepared syrup. Antioxidant activity, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content were measured to evaluate the physiological activity of the prepared Omija cheong. Acidity and sugar ratio tended to decrease gradually due to the eluting of water from the omija by osmotic pressure depending on the storage period, but there was no significant difference according to the sugar source. The total phenol content was highest in Omija cheong S7, prepared by mixing sugar and fructooligosaccharide; in S7－S10 containing two or more sweetners, the longer the storage period, the higher the total phenol content. Total flavonoid content was highest in S1 prepared from sugar, followed by S2 prepared from fructooligosaccharide. The DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging ability was the highest in S7, prepared by mixing sugar and fructooligosaccharide; and the lowest in S3, prepared with isomaltooligosaccharide. However, S3 showed the highest value in ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical scavenging ability. S1 Omija cheong prepared from sugar showed the most inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. S6 which was prepared using isomaltooligosaccharide that is not absorbed by internal enzymes, showed safety even at a low pH, and is considered to be the most practical method for sugar reduction. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Effects of Seed Harvesting Time on the Seed Production of Wang-godeulppaegi [Lactuca indica var. laciniata (O. Kuntze) Hara], Gaesgileumnamul (Peucedanum japonicum Thunb.), Gondalbi [Ligularia stenocephala (Maxim.) Matsum], and Gondeule [Cirsium setidens (Dunn) Nakai]

    왕고들빼기, 갯기름나물, 곤달비, 곤드레의 채종시기가 종자 생산성에 미치는 영향

    Hyun Taek Seo, Se Won Kim, Youn Gi Moon, Ki Duk Park, Ki Jin Park

    서현택, 김세원, 문윤기, 박기덕, 박기진

    This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the timing of seed harvest on the seed productivity of Wang-godeulppaegi [Lactuca … + READ MORE
    This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the timing of seed harvest on the seed productivity of Wang-godeulppaegi [Lactuca indica var. laciniata (O. Kuntze) Hara], Gaesgileumnamul (Peucedanum japonicum Thunb.), Gondalbi [Ligularia stenocephala (Maxim.) Matsum], and Gondeule [Cirsium setidens (Dunn) Nakai] . Wang-godulpagi and Gondeule were harvested at 15, 30, and 45 days after flowering; Gondalbi was harvested at 30, 45, and 60 days after flowering; and seaweed was harvested after 45, 60, and 90 days. In both the field and greenhouse, total and product seeding amounts were highest in the treatment area 30 days after flowering. The yield of products per 10a under field cultivation was high in the order 30 > 15 > 45 days after flowering. Comparatively, higher yields were obtained at the same time points under greenhouse cultivation. Under both field and greenhouse cultivation, the total and commercial yields of Gondeule were highest in the treatment area 30 days after flowering. Yield of products per 10a under field cultivation was high in the order 30 > 15 > 45 days after flowering, and again higher yields were obtained under greenhouse cultivation. For Gondalbi, the highest total and commercial yields under both field and greenhouse cultivation were obtained at 45 days after flowering in the order 45 > 60 > 30 days after flowering, with higher yields being obtained under greenhouse cultivation. For Gaesgileumnamul, the highest total and product yields under both field and greenhouse cultivation were obtained at 60 days after flowering, with higher yields being obtained under greenhouse cultivation. On the basis of these findings, it was considered suitable to harvest Wang-godeulppaegi and Gondeule after cutting at 30 days after flowering. In contrast, for Gondalbi and Gaesgileumnamul, seed productivity could be enhanced by delaying harvesting until approximately 45 and 60 days after flowering, respectively. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Effect of Agro-byproduct Biochar Fertilization on Cherry Tomato Growth and Carbon Sequestration

    농업부산물 바이오차 시비를 통한 방울토마토의 생육 변화 및 탄소격리 효과 분석

    Sunyong Park, Seok Jun Kim, A Young Cho, Yeonmi Kim, Doung Hyun Lee, Kwang Cheol Oh, Cheol Seong Jang, Dae Hyun Kim

    박선용, 김석준, 조아영, 김연미, 이동현, 오광철, 장철성, 김대현

    In the face of global environment problems, the mitigation or sequestration of greenhouse gases have been extensively studied. In particular, biochar has … + READ MORE
    In the face of global environment problems, the mitigation or sequestration of greenhouse gases have been extensively studied. In particular, biochar has garnered much attention as a means to reduce carbon dioxide through carbon sequestration. Therefore, the present study sought to improve plant growth and enhance economic feasibility in terms of the price of carbon credits due to carbon sequestration by converting agro-byproducts to biochar and applying it as a fertilizer. Pepper stem, perilla stem, and chaff were selected as the agro-byproducts. Pepper and perilla stems were pelletized and converted to biochar. Unamended culture soil was used as the negative control and culture soil supplemented with commercial biochar as the positive control. Cherry tomato was cultivated. Each type of biochar was applied by mixing with culture soil at 0.5% (w/w) or 1% (w/w). More cherry tomatoes were produced in biochar-amended soils, although the differences between the biochar-treated and negative control groups were not significant. Plant height significantly differed between the biochar-treated and negative control groups, except in the pepper stem biochar-treated group. Total carbon sequestered was respectively 13.26% and 15.27%－26.44% in the negative control and biochar-treated groups. In terms of carbon credits, a profit of ₩3,976,906－40,130,253 ha-1 was estimated with biochar amendment. Although there was no significant difference in the number of cherry tomatoes using culture soil, a significant difference may appear if field soil is used. Moreover, profits from carbon credits due to carbon sequestration are expected to fluctuate. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Effects of Transplanting-date on Brown Rice Quality between Ecotypes of the Major Rice-producing Areas in Gangwon Province

    강원도 벼 주산지에서 생태형별 이앙시기가 현미 품질에 미치는 영향

    Youn-Sang Cho, Ji-Woo Lee, Ye-Ji Yoon, Yong-Bok Kim, Jung-Su Jung

    조윤상, 이지우, 윤예지, 김용복, 정정수

    Recent changes in the climate of Korea show that the average rate of temperature increase is above 1.5°C, which is more than … + READ MORE
    Recent changes in the climate of Korea show that the average rate of temperature increase is above 1.5°C, which is more than twice the global average temperature increase rate of 0.74°C, indicating that the rate of warming here is faster than that in other regions. These rapid climate changes demand a response strategy that include the development of adaptive varieties and cultivation techniques in agricultural ecosystems. The major rice producing regions of Gangwon-do are diverse and located in the central plains, northern plains, and east coast. To obtain the basic data necessary for resetting the cultivation methods to adapt to climate change, the yield quantity and yield components of rice were analyzed based on different ecological types and their transplanting period. In the central plain, the yield of early and middle maturing varieties increased with the increase in average temperature. The yields were not stable for the high-quality cultivation of mid-late varieties. However, the temperature rise did not affect the yields of the early, middle, and mid-late maturing varieties in the east coast region. In the central and northern plains, cultivation stability was confirmed only for the early varieties. Therefore, cultivation of the middle and mid-late varieties is not recommended for high-quality rice production and maintaining cultivation-stability. In the climate change scenario, quality and stability of cultivation are the priority factors that must be considered in rice cultivation areas. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Introduction of Doubled Haploid Technology and Maize Inbred Line Development

    배가반수체 기술의 도입 및 옥수수 계통육성

    Si Hwan Ryu, Jae Keun Choi, Moon Jong Kim, Jeong Heon Han, Seung Hyun Wang, Hee Yeon Kim, Ki Sun Kim, Min Namgung, Jong Yeol Park, Ki Jin Park

    류시환, 최재근, 김문종, 한정헌, 왕승현, 김희연, 김기선, 남궁민, 박종열, 박기진

    The main procedures of maize breeding are inbred line development and hybrid selection. Inbred line development is an essential procedure for the … + READ MORE
    The main procedures of maize breeding are inbred line development and hybrid selection. Inbred line development is an essential procedure for the creation of good hybrids, but in South Korea, inbred line development is completely dependent on conventional breeding methods. This conventional inbred line development system is a tedious and time-consuming procedure. Doubled haploid technology in maize is a rapid inbred line development method and many foreign maize research institutes are actively using this technology. In this study, we aimed to set up and utilize doubled haploid technology in our breeding program. Inducer lines, which can produce haploid seeds, are a prerequisite for doubled haploid breeding. The Maize Research Institute secured the right to use tropically adapted haploid inducer lines (TAILs). The number of days to silking for TAILs was 72 and the flowering time was appropriate for crossing with other populations. When 48 maize populations were crossed with the inducer, the average haploid induction rate was 6.0%. Haploid induction rate for 2014 through 2017 were 3.9, 4.8, 6.7, and 8.3%, respectively. When we compare the chromosome doubling stage, the inbred line production rate of seedlings was higher than that of germinated seeds. Agronomic characteristics of inbred lines developed by doubled haploid technology were tested and those lines will be good resources as parent plants for making hybrids. Future work will aim to increase induction rate and the selection efficiency of haploid seeds, but our breeding efficiency and capacity in South Korea will be greatly improved by this technology. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Optimal Harvest Time of Domestic Maize to Maximize Popping Volume for Popcorn

    국내육성 팝콘옥수수 팝핑부피 향상을 위한 적정 수확시기

    Jae-Keun Choi, Si-Hwan Ryu, Hee Yeon Kim, Moon-Jong Kim, Jeong-Heon Han, Seung Hyun Wang, Ki Sun Kim, Kyu Jin Sa, Ju Kyong Lee

    최재근, 류시환, 김희연, 김문종, 한정헌, 왕승현, 김기선, 사규진, 이주경

    In this study, we investigated the effects of harvest time on the popping volumes of “Oryun popcorn,” “Oryun #2,” “G popcorn,” and … + READ MORE
    In this study, we investigated the effects of harvest time on the popping volumes of “Oryun popcorn,” “Oryun #2,” “G popcorn,” and “Kichan Popcorn” to improve the popping quality of domestic maize. The silking days of the four popcorn maize varieties ranged from 78–81 d and their plant–ear height ratio was 53.4–64%, which is rather high. The ear lengths were shorter and the grain weights were greater at 70 days after silking (DAS) than at 40 DAS. For the “Oryun Popcorn” and “Oryun #2” varieties, the popping volumes measured at 40 DAS were 29.8 ± 0.2 cm3/g and 30.4 ± 0.1 cm3/g, respectively, and at 70 DAS were 34.8 ± 0.0 cm3/g and 35.8 ± 0.1 cm3/g, respectively. The ideal harvest time for both varieties was 70 DAS. The popping volumes of “G Popcorn” and “Kichan popcorn” varieties evaluated at 40 DAS was 28.6 cm3/g and 34.3 ± 0.1 cm3/g, respectively. The optimal harvest time for these varieties was 60 DAS, when their popping volumes were 35.2 ± 01 cm3/g and 35.9 ± 0.1 cm3/g, respectively. Analysis of the general composition of the harvest showed that the longer the ripening period, the lower the moisture content and the higher the carbohydrate and protein content. The crude fat content was less than 3.0 g/100 g. Therefore, the optimal harvest time for domestically grown popcorn maize that maximizes the popping volume for improved popcorn quality was 60－70 DAS. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022

  • Research Article

    Effect of Different Polyolefin Film Haze Rates on Cultivation Environment and Lettuce Growth

    산광성 PO필름 산광율에 따른 재배환경과 상추 생육특성 비교

    Wonkyung Lee, Kyeongwon Kim, Hyuntaek Seo, Yongsik Park, Jaehee Won, Homin Kang

    이원경, 김경원, 서현택, 박영식, 원재희, 강호민

    Three types of polyolefin (PO) film with haze values of 15.9 % (H16), 37.3 % (H37), and 81.0 % (H81) were tested. … + READ MORE
    Three types of polyolefin (PO) film with haze values of 15.9 % (H16), 37.3 % (H37), and 81.0 % (H81) were tested. Compared to H16, H81 had a 14.4 %, 8.2 %, and 4. 5% lower transmittance atof ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths, respectively. Low UV-A transmittance may adversely affect anthocyanin production and red pigment expression. The average daily light integral (DLI) during the cultivation period was 48.0 mol･m-2･d-1, and the average total clouded and sunshine hours were 5.2 and 8.4, respectively. The average DLI by treatment was 18.4 mol･m-2･d-1 (H16), 19.3 mol･m-2･d-1 (H37), and 17.5 mol･m-2･d-1 (H81). The DLI deviation by location was the smallest in H81. The average temperatures during the high-temperature period were 26.8°C (H16), 26.9°C (H37), and 26.5°C (H81). that The optimum growth temperature for lettuce is 15－20 °C. Therefore, the yield was expected to be the highest in H81 due to the lower temperature. The average DLI during cultivation was 32－35 mol･m-2･d-1, which is a level that requires shading. the H81 had the highest shading effect, resulting in lettuce with the highest fresh weight. The low red pigment expression by lettuce in the H81 may be due to the low anthocyanin production in the high-temperature conditions with low UV-A transmittance.ato , The cultivation environment could be improved by applying a covering material with a high haze rate. However, in high-tunnel poly-greenhouses, applying an environmental control system is challenging (for example adding screens). To increase yield, it may be advantageous to use H81, but cultivating red lettuce requires addressing ,should be paid color defects. - COLLAPSE
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    31 October 2022
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